Analyse the difference in Assam-Mizoram demarcation which resulted in border conflicts. [JULY 29 2021]

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Boundary demarcation between Assam and Mizoram is different from other divisions till story of 29th state. Earlier Mizoram was part of Assam and was known as Lushai hills. Boundary demarcations in 1875 and 1933, particularly the second one, are at the heart of the dispute.

Brief history

1875 Demarcation: It differentiated Lushai Hills from the plains of Cachar in Assam’s Barak Valley. This was done in consultation with Mizo chiefs, and it became the basis for the Inner Line Reserve Forest demarcation in the Gazette two years later.
1933 Demarcation: The 1933 demarcation marks a boundary between Lushai Hills and Manipur, beginning at the tri-junction of Lushai Hills, Cachar district and Manipur. The Mizos do not accept this demarcation on the ground that their chiefs were not consulted this time.

Difference in demarcating ASSAM-MIZORAM borders

Differences	Causes of disputes	Consequences
Difference in perception	Assam recognizes both whereas mizoram only first as Mizo chief was not consulted in later.	Mizo leaders rejected borders leading to conflict and violence.
Mizoram carved out of assam	Separatist tendencies with ambiguity over ownership rights.	Frequent conflicts.
No man’s zone between states with CRPF posted.	Disputed responsibilities and conflicts over activities.	Lack of development in conflict areas

Conflicts over an issue are normal but going beyond limit with violence is not justifiable. Central government intervention for peaceful and amicable solution with immediate de-escalation to 2020 October levels is need of the hour.

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