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Hindu Notes from General Studies-01

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Hindu Notes from General Studies-03

Joint disaster management drill conducted at railway yard

News

• A joint disaster management and recovery exercise was conducted at the Ernakulam marshalling yard in Kerala, jointly by Southern Railway and National Disaster Response Force’s Arakkonam battalion.

Objective:

• The objective of the exercise was to strengthen the disaster response mechanism. This exercise helped to assess the disaster response and frame coordinated procedures for rescue operations during railway accidents, sources said.

Beyond News

• The drill scenario was “Fire in railway coach due to inflammable materials”. A condemned second-class sleeper coach was used for the mock drill. A telephone message was received at the Traffic Control Office, Thiruvananthapuram (Now a days Locations are also important for upsc , Last year kottayam from kerala asked.), that a passenger coach had derailed and caught fire at the Ernakulam marshalling yard.
• Control office personnel relayed the message to the police, Fire and Rescue and Railway Disaster Management teams comprising medical, mechanical, electrical, traction distribution, operations, engineering, signal and telecommunications departments. They led the “rescue operations”.
• Four fire tenders brought the fire under control. Sophisticated pieces of equipment were used for breaking open the window and coach body for performing an evacuation drill.

Drones to keep eye on wildlife in Aravallis

News

• The Haryana Forest Department inducted two drones to help in monitoring wildlife and prevent illegal activities such as cutting of trees, encroachment and building of roads in the Aravalli Range.

Beyond News

• The project was launched with a demonstration of the drones to the Minister of Forest and Wildlife, at Tau Devi Lal Biodiversity Park in Sector 52.
• Divisional Forest Officer (Wildlife) said that the drones were sourced from the United States .
• Drones will help in gathering data on forest health, monitor encroachments, and identify areas for management intervention.
• Drones could take pictures and videos that were better than satellite images and could be used to make 3D models of the area.
• With the induction of the drones, Haryana has joined a select list of pioneer States to use the technology for conservation and management of forest and wildlife areas.
• Divisional Forest Officer said that the drones would be helpful in combing forest areas for illicit wildlife/forestry activities, registering and monitoring wildlife, early fire detection, and wildlife rescue.
• Use of drones in management and conservation of forest and wildlife areas is increasingly being adopted worldwide.

5 leopards from SGNP to be attached with radio collars.

News

• In a first, five leopards from Sanjay Gandhi National Park (SGNP) will be attached with radio collars to study more about the animal’s behaviour and habits.

What is Radio Collars?

• Radio collars, also known as tracking collars, are devices that relay information about the animal’s movement and actions. These collars are also GPS-enabled.

Beyond News

• The SGNP has signed an MOU with the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) that will carry out the study spanning over two years.
• In 2009, the WCS had received permission to collar six leopards. While five were from Ahmednagar division, one was collared in Himachal Pradesh. One of the five leopards was Ajoba, who became an instant hero when stories about him walking 125 km from Malshej Ghat to Mumbai appeared in the media.
• In the epic journey, the leopard walked through highways, crossed railway tracks, swam through a creek, and walked through busy civilization, including Ghodbunder Road. That was the first time that a leopard’s movement was observed so closely. The WCS hopes that the leopards from the Mumbai landscape will also yield exciting findings.
• SGNP director said the study is also part of their mandate to have a science-based management of the park.
• The collar sends a signal to a satellite, which obtains the time and date the signal sent from the collar, and then the information is transmitted to researchers who can investigate where the animal is and what it is doing.

Unique telescope link offers new view of stars

News:

• Scientists in South Africa on Friday launched the world’s first optical telescope linked to a radio telescope, combining “eyes and ears” to try to unravel the secrets of the universe.

Beyond News:

• The device forms part of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) project in the remote Karoo desert, which will be the world’s most powerful radio telescope system.
• The latest move combines the new optical telescope MeerLITCH Dutch for ‘more light’  with the recently-completed 64-dish MeerKAT radio telescope, located 200 kilometres away.
• Astronomers have previously had to wait for a cosmic incident to be picked up by a radio telescope and then carry out optic observations afterwards.
• But combining MeerLITCH, in the small town of Sutherland, with MeerKAT, also in the sparsely-populated North Cape province, will allow simultaneous study of cosmic events as they occur.
• The project has been six years in the making by a joint-team of South African, Dutch and British scientists.
• The optical telescope, built in the Netherlands and shipped to South Africa, uses a main mirror just 65 cm in diameter and a single 100 megapixel detector measuring 10 cm x 10 cm.
• It is housed in a white dome-shaped building made of carbon fibre to protect it against temperature fluctuations in the Karoo desert, which was chosen for its clear skies, dry climate and lack of pollution.
• Among the priorities for MeerLICHT, which cost about $1.1 million, is the study of black holes, neutron stars and stellar explosions, which must be scrutinised quickly before they fade away.
• MeerLICHT boasts of a huge field of view that allows astronomers to see an area 13 times the size of the full moon in exquisite detail, and pick up objects one million times fainter than is possible with the human eye.
• When fully operational in the 2020s, the SKA will comprise a forest of 3,000 dishes spread over an area of a square kilometre across remote terrain in several countries to allow astronomers to peer into space to an unparallelled depth.

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