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Hindu Notes from General Studies-02

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Section 144 in Assam district after clash over building toilet

News

  • Section 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure was promulgated in southern Assam’s Hailakandi district after a clash over the construction of a pay-and-use toilet.

Nb: Section 144 restricts unlawful assembly of people.

Beyond News

  • Trouble started when members of the Congress and the All India United Democratic Front (AIUDF) clashed near the toilet’s construction site – a garden outside the government-run district hospital in Hailakandi town, about 310 km south of Guwahati.
  • The toilet was being constructed by the State’s Public Health Engineering (PHE) department.
  • The district hospital was named after former Congress MLA Santosh Kumar Roy. The Congress and the BJP were opposed to the toilet as it is very close to a statue of Roy.
  • But AIUDF legislator, who wanted the toilet there started helping the labourers engaged in the construction work. This resulted in a clash between supporters of the Congress and the BJP.

Maharashtra State brings in 29 amendments to CrPC

CrPC maharastra new amendments mind map

News:

  • The Maharashtra government has made major changes to the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), 1973, decentralising the government and police power to appoint special public prosecutors, simplifying procedures, allowing for the digital serving of summons, among others.

Beyond News

  • A total of 29 amendments were approved by Chief Minister and will be placed before the State Cabinet in a fortnight for approval. The changes have been necessitated following a backlog of cases and complaints of public prosecutors (PPs) acting like a ‘post office’ for the government in many cases.
  • Both the Centre and the State can amend the CrPC as the procedural law falls in the Concurrent List.
  • Among the key changes are amendment to Section 24 (8-A), related to the appointment of the special public prosecutor (SPP). District Magistrates will now be allowed to approve appointment of the SPP on the recommendation of the Superintendent of Police or Commissioner of Police.
  • The powers have so far remained with the State government, District Magistrate and various higher courts. Under the section, public prosecutors in high courts and district courts are appointed by the Central or State government.
  • Another significant amendment is to Section 244, which allows courts to initiate a preliminary inquiry of prosecution in warrant cases [tried by a magistrate] based on “otherwise than a police report”. This can now also be done on the basis of “a complaint filed by a public servant of Central or State investigating agencies”.
  • Several other sections related to punitive fines, seizure of properties and maintenance benefits have been changed to increase the fine and charges.

To simplify the trial procedures, Section 126 has been amended to allow digital transmission of summons and documents, allowing the accused to appear before the court through an electronic video linkage.  

Hindu Notes from General Studies-03

We are battling terrorists: Pakistan Army

News

  • Long under fire for backing the Taliban and the Haqqani network, the Pakistan Army is pitching the North Waziristan tribal agency, which borders Afghanistan, as a showcase of success for its anti-terror operations.

Beyond News

  • A spanking new complex with 1,300 shops in Miranshah, the main town in North Waziristan, is waiting to be handed over as new hospitals, water supply schemes and micro-hydel projects have been built in the region.
  • There have been several American drone strikes in and around Miranshah, but none in the last few years since the Pakistan Army began conducting its own anti-terrorist operations.
  • The Pakistan Army has even built a special facility or “terrorist markaz (centre)” in Miranshah, putting on display seized arms and ammunition, suicide jackets, myriad types of improvised explosive devices and underground tunnels, similar to the ones the terrorists used.
  • There is also a room apparently used to “prepare” suicide bombers replete with pictures of young women, including a photograph of popular Bollywood star Rani Mukerji, that were to be available in “heaven” to the jihadi strikers.
  • In giving this unusual access on Monday to visiting journalists, including four Indians, the Pakistan Army wanted to send out a signal that it was battling hard against the terrorists.

Flood risk persists in many areas in Chennai

Flood in chennai images

News

  • At least 50 civic issues caused by faulty infrastructure and delayed civic projects continue to be major factors behind keeping the city at flood risk, three years after flood monitoring officers spotted them and recorded them, following the 2015 floods.

Beyond News

  • Inadequate stormwater drains, retaining walls along rivers, and lack of shutters with facilities to regulate water flow at 19 locations are issues that have the potential to cause flooding in many neighbourhoods.
  • These would be the responsibility of the Water Resources Department. The delay in the commissioning of drains across highways, within the purview of the Highways Department, has increased flood risks in five locations.
  • The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has delayed the commissioning of stormwater drains in Madhavaram junction and Manali Express Road. Railways are yet to develop stormwater drains at two locations in the city and Metrowater has not commissioned facilities in five areas, increasing flood risk, officials listed.
  • The initiative begun immediately after the big floods in Chennai by the Chennai Corporation to develop civic infrastructure, such as shutters along canals and pumps to bail out water, has not taken off in most of the localities.
  • The agency implemented the concept of developing shutters in canals along the 100 Feet Road and managed to reduce flooding a few years ago. But at least 50 areas are yet to get such facilities.
  • For instance, a proposal to develop shutters for the anti-malaria drain near GMR Power House and pumps of 100 hp to pump water to Otteri Nullah to reduce flooding in Choolai, Thana Street in Purasawalkam, Kosapet and Pulianthope, has remained a non-starter.
  • Disaster Management Expert said coordination among line agencies has always been a challenge, but was felt intensely after the 2015 floods.
  • This is the first time the civic body is conducting monsoon preparedness meetings several months ahead of the onset of the northeast monsoon.
  • The flood monitoring officers have proposed the development of civic infrastructure estimated at ₹204 crore for flood risk reduction across the city. Similarly, Tamil Nadu Urban Infrastructure Financial Services has proposed the development of missing links at 150 locations.
  • On its part, the Chennai Corporation has planned to use capital funds to reduce flooding in a few localities .

Kochi all set to welcome an intelligent transportation system

Intelligent transport system

News

  • The installation of GPS and finalisation of passenger information system for around 1,000 private buses will be in place by month-end, for their integration with the Kochi metro and ferries in Kerala.

Beyond News

  • The GPS equipment has been fitted in 700 buses that are operated in the Greater Kochi area, though all buses were to have been GPS-enabled by mid-April.
  • Being very sensitive machines, a few [GPS equipment] have to be reconfigured since they work on the basis of sensors. They are tamper-proof and help identify the precise location of each bus.
  • Besides, GPS equipment helps in keeping track of buses that do not operate the scheduled trips and curtail the last trip as is a common practice now.
  • They will also be able to identify buses which halt unnecessarily at bus stops and instances of over-speeding. The primary purpose will be to keep passengers informed of the location of buses on each route. Rule enforcement comes next.
  • This will be an apt example of intelligent transportation system (ITS) being used to streamline traffic and enforce rules.
  • The KMRL initiative will shortly be extended to around 400 KSRTC buses being operated in the Greater Kochi area, as a pilot project. Technicalities are being sorted out to retrofit GPS in 15 metro trains as well. Nine SWTD ferries in Kochi are already GPS-enabled.
  • The readying of GPS and passenger information system will be followed by the introduction of journey planner and an app that will provide a wide choice of multimodal commuting options to people, furthering the cause of public transport.

Arunachal expels 297 ‘illegal’ migrants

News

  • Arunachal Pradesh has expelled 297 people without valid papers in a drive against ‘illegal’ migrants launched amid reports that the ongoing exercise to upgrade the National Register of Citizens in Assam could push those of doubtful citizenship into the frontier State.

Beyond News

  • Officials in Arunachal districts bordering Assam have also warned contractors and agencies involved in construction projects of punitive action if they do not ensure that labourers brought from outside the State have valid documents such as the inner line permit (ILP).
  • The ILP is an official travel document that allows entry for an Indian citizen into a protected or restricted area for a limited period.
  • Apart from Arunachal Pradesh, the ILP is also needed to enter Mizoram and Nagaland.
  • The district administration has instructed the police to intensify checking of documents at entry gates to keep out illegal migrants who may create law and order problems and disturb peace and tranquility.
  • The police in Capital Complex it encompasses twin cities of Itanagar and Naharlagun  rounded up 135 people without valid documents and expelled them to Assam.
  • The drive had started with south-eastern Arunachal Pradesh’s Longding district from where 101 people were expelled.

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